CliffsNotes STAAR EOC Biology Quick Review by Courtney Mayer

Author:Courtney Mayer
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: HMH Books
Published: 2015-08-03T00:00:00+00:00

Hierarchical classification system

Over time, the two-name system expanded to include seven groups known as taxa. The largest group is the kingdom. There are six kingdoms: Plantae, Animalia, Protista, Fungi, Archaebacteria, and Eubacteria. Any multicellular heterotroph whose cell structure does not include a cell wall would be in the kingdom Animalia.

Just think of all the different animals on the planet. We need to be able to further narrow down an organism so we can continue to identify it. The next level is the phylum. An example of phylum is Chordata; any animal with a vertebrate, like a human, would fall into this phylum. The next, less-inclusive level is class. An example of class would be Mammalia, or any animal that is a mammal. We are now getting to the level of order. Humans are in the order primates. Family is next. Humans are members of the hominidae family. Last, we get to the genus and species levels. As you can see, the levels become less inclusive as you move from kingdom to genus. Think about mammals. There are many different mammals out there, from humans to dogs to polar bears. Humans have similarities with dogs and polar bears, but humans are not the same species. In fact, we are not the same genus, family, or order; our similarities end at the class Mammalia. See Figure 3-12 for the taxonomy of a human.

Figure 3-12 Human taxonomy. The chart below shows the taxonomic categories and the names for each level for a human.

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